正文
nodejs和npm的关系
node.js是javascript的一种运行环境，是对Google V8引擎进行的封装，是一个服务器端的javascript的解释器。
包含关系，nodejs中含有npm，比如说你安装好nodejs，你打开cmd输入npm -v会发现出现npm的版本号，说明npm已经安装好。
npm是nodejs的包管理器（package manager）。我们在Node.js上开发时，会用到很多别人已经写好的javascript代码， 如果每当我们需要别人的代码时，都根据名字搜索一下，下载源码，解压，再使用，会非常麻烦。于是就出现了包管理器npm。 大家把自己写好的源码上传到npm官网上，如果要用某个或某些个，直接通过npm安装就可以了，不用管那个源码在哪里。 并且如果我们要使用模块A，而模块A又依赖模块B，模块B又依赖模块C和D，此时npm会根据依赖关系， 把所有依赖的包都下载下来并且管理起来。试想如果这些工作全靠我们自己去完成会多么麻烦！
在 nodejs 官网下载安装包安装后，里面自带了 NPM。
Npm 安装 Vue
使用之前，我们先来掌握3个东西是用来干什么的：
- npm: Nodejs下的包管理器。
- webpack: 它主要的用途是通过CommonJS的语法把所有浏览器端需要发布的静态资源做相应的准备，比如资源的合并和打包。
- vue-cli: 用户生成Vue工程模板（帮你快速开始一个vue的项目，也就是给你一套vue的结构，包含基础的依赖库，只需要
npm install就可以安装）。
一、安装nodejs
在 nodejs 官网下载安装包安装，如安装在G:\WorkSoft\nodejs下。
查看版本：
C:\Users\zhuyi>node -v
v16.16.0
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm -v
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
8.11.0
C:\Users\zhuyi>
二、设定全局位置
设定全局目录、缓存目录，如：
npm config set prefix “G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_global”
npm config set cache “G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache”
三、配置镜像站
npm config set registry=http://registry.npm.taobao.org
四、设定权限
nodejs的全局目录、缓存目录，需要设定用户的操作权限。
五、查看Vue信息
npm info vue
如：
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm info vue
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
vue@3.2.37 | MIT | deps: 5 | versions: 402
The progressive JavaScript framework for building modern web UI.
https://github.com/vuejs/core/tree/main/packages/vue#readme
keywords: vue
dist
.tarball: https://registry.npmmirror.com/vue/-/vue-3.2.37.tgz
.shasum: da220ccb618d78579d25b06c7c21498ca4e5452e
.integrity: sha512-bOKEZxrm8Eh+fveCqS1/NkG/n6aMidsI6hahas7pa0w/l7jkbssJVsRhVDs07IdDq7h9KHswZOgItnwJAgtVtQ==
.unpackedSize: 2.6 MB
dependencies:
@vue/compiler-dom: 3.2.37 @vue/runtime-dom: 3.2.37 @vue/shared: 3.2.37
@vue/compiler-sfc: 3.2.37 @vue/server-renderer: 3.2.37
maintainers:
- posva <posva13@gmail.com>
- yyx990803 <yyx990803@gmail.com>
dist-tags:
beta: 3.2.34-beta.1 latest: 3.2.37 next: 3.2.36 v2-beta: 2.7.0-beta.8
csp: 1.0.28-csp legacy: 2.6.14 v2-alpha: 2.7.0-alpha.12 v2-latest: 2.7.4
published a month ago by yyx990803 <yyx990803@gmail.com>
npm notice
npm notice New minor version of npm available! 8.11.0 -> 8.13.2
npm notice Changelog: https://github.com/npm/cli/releases/tag/v8.13.2
npm notice Run npm install -g npm@8.13.2 to update!
npm notice
C:\Users\zhuyi>
六、安装Vue到全局目录
npm install vue -g
如：
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm install vue -g
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
added 21 packages in 4s
C:\Users\zhuyi>
七、安装vue-router到全局目录
npm install vue-router -g
如：
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm install vue-router -g
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
added 23 packages in 2s
C:\Users\zhuyi>
八、全局安装vue脚手架
npm install vue-cli -g
如：
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm install vue-cli -g
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN deprecated har-validator@5.1.5: this library is no longer supported
npm WARN deprecated uuid@3.4.0: Please upgrade to version 7 or higher. Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic. See https://v8.dev/blog/math-random for details.
npm WARN deprecated request@2.88.2: request has been deprecated, see https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142
npm WARN deprecated coffee-script@1.12.7: CoffeeScript on NPM has moved to "coffeescript" (no hyphen)
npm WARN deprecated vue-cli@2.9.6: This package has been deprecated in favour of @vue/cli
added 230 packages in 18s
C:\Users\zhuyi>
接着编辑环境编辑path。
新开命令行窗口，查看版本：
vue -V
如：
C:\Users\zhuyi>vue -V
2.9.6
C:\Users\zhuyi>
整体示例
示例命令：
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm list -global
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
C:\Users\zhuyi\AppData\Roaming\npm
`-- (empty)
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm config set prefix "G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_global"
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm config set cache "G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache"
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm list -global
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_39_21_047Z-debug-0.log'
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_39_22_880Z-debug-0.log'
G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_global
`-- (empty)
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm config set registry=http://registry.npm.taobao.org
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_40_27_986Z-debug-0.log'
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_40_29_011Z-debug-0.log'
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm config list
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_40_46_860Z-debug-0.log'
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_40_47_963Z-debug-0.log'
; "builtin" config from G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_modules\npm\npmrc
; prefix = "C:\\Users\\zhuyi\\AppData\\Roaming\\npm" ; overridden by user
; "user" config from C:\Users\zhuyi\.npmrc
cache = "G:\\WorkSoft\\nodejs\\node_cache"
prefix = "G:\\WorkSoft\\nodejs\\node_global"
registry = "http://registry.npm.taobao.org/"
; node bin location = G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node.exe
; node version = v16.16.0
; npm local prefix = C:\Users\zhuyi
; npm version = 8.11.0
; cwd = C:\Users\zhuyi
; HOME = C:\Users\zhuyi
; Run `npm config ls -l` to show all defaults.
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm config get registry
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_42_36_488Z-debug-0.log'
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_42_37_675Z-debug-0.log'
http://registry.npm.taobao.org/
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm info vue
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_43_07_052Z-debug-0.log'
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_43_08_818Z-debug-0.log'
npm ERR! code EPERM
npm ERR! syscall mkdir
npm ERR! path G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_cacache
npm ERR! errno -4048
npm ERR! Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_cacache'
npm ERR! [Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_cacache'] {
npm ERR! errno: -4048,
npm ERR! code: 'EPERM',
npm ERR! syscall: 'mkdir',
npm ERR! path: 'G:\\WorkSoft\\nodejs\\node_cache\\_cacache'
npm ERR! }
npm ERR!
npm ERR! The operation was rejected by your operating system.
npm ERR! It's possible that the file was already in use (by a text editor or antivirus),
npm ERR! or that you lack permissions to access it.
npm ERR!
npm ERR! If you believe this might be a permissions issue, please double-check the
npm ERR! permissions of the file and its containing directories, or try running
npm ERR! the command again as root/Administrator.
npm ERR! Log files were not written due to an error writing to the directory: G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs
npm ERR! You can rerun the command with `--loglevel=verbose` to see the logs in your terminal
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm -v
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_49_43_751Z-debug-0.log'
npm WARN logfile could not create logs-dir: Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs'
npm WARN logfile could not be created: Error: ENOENT: no such file or directory, open 'G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_cache\_logs\2022-07-10T08_49_44_959Z-debug-0.log'
8.11.0
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm info vue
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
vue@3.2.37 | MIT | deps: 5 | versions: 402
The progressive JavaScript framework for building modern web UI.
https://github.com/vuejs/core/tree/main/packages/vue#readme
keywords: vue
dist
.tarball: https://registry.npmmirror.com/vue/-/vue-3.2.37.tgz
.shasum: da220ccb618d78579d25b06c7c21498ca4e5452e
.integrity: sha512-bOKEZxrm8Eh+fveCqS1/NkG/n6aMidsI6hahas7pa0w/l7jkbssJVsRhVDs07IdDq7h9KHswZOgItnwJAgtVtQ==
.unpackedSize: 2.6 MB
dependencies:
@vue/compiler-dom: 3.2.37 @vue/runtime-dom: 3.2.37 @vue/shared: 3.2.37
@vue/compiler-sfc: 3.2.37 @vue/server-renderer: 3.2.37
maintainers:
- posva <posva13@gmail.com>
- yyx990803 <yyx990803@gmail.com>
dist-tags:
beta: 3.2.34-beta.1 latest: 3.2.37 next: 3.2.36 v2-beta: 2.7.0-beta.8
csp: 1.0.28-csp legacy: 2.6.14 v2-alpha: 2.7.0-alpha.12 v2-latest: 2.7.4
published a month ago by yyx990803 <yyx990803@gmail.com>
npm notice
npm notice New minor version of npm available! 8.11.0 -> 8.13.2
npm notice Changelog: https://github.com/npm/cli/releases/tag/v8.13.2
npm notice Run npm install -g npm@8.13.2 to update!
npm notice
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm list -global
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_global
`-- (empty)
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm install vue -g
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
added 21 packages in 4s
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm install vue-router -g
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
added 23 packages in 2s
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm install vue-cli -g
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN deprecated har-validator@5.1.5: this library is no longer supported
npm WARN deprecated uuid@3.4.0: Please upgrade to version 7 or higher. Older versions may use Math.random() in certain circumstances, which is known to be problematic. See https://v8.dev/blog/math-random for details.
npm WARN deprecated request@2.88.2: request has been deprecated, see https://github.com/request/request/issues/3142
npm WARN deprecated coffee-script@1.12.7: CoffeeScript on NPM has moved to "coffeescript" (no hyphen)
npm WARN deprecated vue-cli@2.9.6: This package has been deprecated in favour of @vue/cli
added 230 packages in 18s
C:\Users\zhuyi>
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm list --global
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_global
+-- vue-cli@2.9.6
+-- vue-router@4.1.1
`-- vue@3.2.37
C:\Users\zhuyi>npm list -global
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
npm WARN config global `--global`, `--local` are deprecated. Use `--location=global` instead.
G:\WorkSoft\nodejs\node_global
+-- vue-cli@2.9.6
+-- vue-router@4.1.1
`-- vue@3.2.37
C:\Users\zhuyi>
参考资料
Node.js 官网 https://nodejs.org/zh-cn/
NPM 官网 https://www.npmjs.com/
Node.js 教程 https://www.runoob.com/nodejs/nodejs-tutorial.html
vue.js中npm安装教程图解 https://www.jb51.net/article/138020.htm
Error: EPERM: operation not permitted, mkdir ‘D:\NodeJS\node_global‘,‘-4048’的解决方法 https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44047784/article/details/123459192